PICTOGRAMS (or pictographs) are symbols that represent concepts, objects, events etc. They are the basis of early writings such as cuneiform and hieroglyphs.
IDEOGRAMS (or ideographs) are graphical symbols that represent ideas. The term "ideogram" is commonly used to describe writing systems such as hieroglyphs etc.
LOGOGRAMS (or logographs) are graphical symbols that represent words.
What is the difference between pictograms and ideograms?
Pictograms are pictures which resemble what they signify, on the other hand ideograms are pictures that represent ideas.
What is the difference between ideograms and logograms?
Ideograms directly represent the ideas rather than words, while logograms represent the deas through words.
Far Eastern Ideogramatic Writing Systems
A complete writing system in Chinese characters was developed 3500 years ago.
A chinese character is a logogram used in writing Chinese, Japanese, Korean etc. But they went over changes in time:
- China adopted simplified characters.
- Thailand and Hong Kong continue to use traditional Chinese characters.
- Japan uses very simplified characters.
- Korea limited the use of Chinese characters.
- Vietnam doesn't use Chinese characters anymore, instead they use a romanized version of Vietnamese.
Cuneiforms
Sumerians, who were living around the southern Iraq, invented cuneiform over 5000 years ago. They invented writing because they needed to record things associated with economy, accounting, resources etc.
Cuneiform: Latin for "wedge-shaped"
Hieroglyphs
Ancient Egyptians created a writing system called Hieroglyphs that was a combination of logographic, alphabetic, and ideographic elements.
As writing became more widespread among Egyptian people, simplified versions of hieroglyphs developed: hieratic (priestly) script and demotic (popular) script
The simplified versions eventually formed the basis of Phoenician alphabet which the modern alphabetic system was based on.
- PHOENICIAN ALPHABET
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